External Commercial Borrowings (ECBs) include bank loans, suppliers' and buyers' credits, fixed and floating rate bonds (without convertibility) and borrowings from private sector windows of multilateral Financial Institutions such as International Finance Corporation. Euro-issues include Euro-convertible bonds and GDRs.
In India, External Commercial Borrowings are being permitted by the Government for providing an additional source of funds toIndian corporates and PSUs for financing expansion of existing capacity and as well as for fresh investment, to augment theresources available domestically. ECBs can be used for any purpose (rupee-related expenditure as well as imports) except for investment in stock market and speculation in real estate.
External Commercial Borrowings (ECB) are defined to include
commercial bank loans,
buyer’s credit,
supplier’s credit,
securitised instruments such as floating rate notes, fixed rate bonds etc.,
credit from official export credit agencies,
commercial borrowings from the private sector window of multilateral financial institutions such as IFC, ADB, AFIC, CDC etc.
and Investment by Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs) in dedicated debt funds
Applicants are free to raise ECB from any internationally recognised source like banks, export credit agencies, suppliers of equipment, foreign collaborations, foreign equity - holders, international capital markets etc.
While FCCB are convertible Bonds issued in Foreign Currency. It is debt which is issued by an Indian company in a foreign exchange outside the country. It is usually dollar denominated. It is generally convertible at the lapse of a time period into common equity shares or sometime ADS or GDR.
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